The EPM team devotes its activities to applied research and its transfer to the industrial world where scientific, economic and confidentiality requirements of the treated subjects interact.
The activities of the team are in strong progression and cover a broad spectrum: from the design of new membranes and modules to the development and installation of new industrial membrane processes. The main objective of the Membrane Processes team is to improve the efficiency of these processes limited by clogging and the cost of implementation, while providing innovative solutions for the treatment of specific effluents and the purification of high value-added compounds.
Any evolution of the processes can only be based on an in-depth knowledge of the problems that generate them and the choices that can be made. The scientific issues raised are complex and multiple. In this context, most of the research activities are carried out in partnership with an industrial company within the framework of a research collaboration contract. Starting from an idea developed in the laboratory or an industrial problem, it is a question here of working in an industrial-EPM partnership in a realistic framework of operating variables.
The optimization of membrane processes requires a better understanding of the mechanisms involved. The activities of the EPM are divided into 6 interrelated research axes:
- Membrane bioreactor (Benoit Marrot) - Membrane characterization and drinking water (Yvan Wyart) - Process Industrialization and CFD (Philippe Moulin) - Transport Properties and Metrology (Jean Philippe Bonnet) - Effluent treatment (Emilie Carretier) - Process Intensification (Mathias Monnot)
Plate forme de 20 pilotes de filtration 1 pilote de perméation gazeuse 2 pilote de pervaporation 1 OI haute pression, NF, 3 pilotes de screening 9 pilotes de MF-UF 1 BRM 1 station de production d'eau potable 20m3.J-1 1 unité de purification d'eau 240m3.J-1 1 BRM industriel 1 pilote multi scales MF-UF
Partenaires industriels et académiques
Dernières Publications de l'équipe
2022
Aymeric Fabien, Guillaume Lefebvre, Brice Calvignac, Pierre Legout, Elisabeth Badens, et al.. Interfacial tension of ethanol, water, and their mixtures in high pressure carbon dioxide: measurements and modeling. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Elsevier, 2022, 613, pp.847-56. ⟨10.1016/j.jcis.2022.01.058⟩. ⟨hal-03531186⟩ Plus de détails...
Hypothesis: It is particularly noteworthy to study interfacial tension behavior under pressurized carbon dioxide for supercritical processes such as crystallization or fractionation. For the latter, a liquid phase and a supercritical phase are in contact, and interfacial properties influence mass transfer phenomena and hydrodynamics. Ethanol-water mixture is a good theoretical study case also involved in a wide range of applications. Experimental: Interfacial tensions of ethanol, water and three mixtures, with an ethanol mass fraction from 0.25 to 0.75, under pressurized CO 2 were measured for pressures ranging from 0.1 MPa to 15.1 MPa at 313.15 K and 333.15 K. A specific experimental setup was used for CO 2 phase saturation. Findings: This work brings interfacial tension data of five different solutions including water and ethanol in contact with CO 2. Effects of pressure, temperature, carbon dioxide density and ethanol mass fraction are discussed regarding the literature. Significant discrepancies are found with previous literature data for ethanol-water mixtures. The "two-step" decrease observed when pressure or density increase is also discussed regarding both the concept of Widom line, and the polar and dispersive contributions of the surface tension of a component. For the first time, fair accurate interfacial tension modeling involving these contributions is addressed.
Aymeric Fabien, Guillaume Lefebvre, Brice Calvignac, Pierre Legout, Elisabeth Badens, et al.. Interfacial tension of ethanol, water, and their mixtures in high pressure carbon dioxide: measurements and modeling. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Elsevier, 2022, 613, pp.847-56. ⟨10.1016/j.jcis.2022.01.058⟩. ⟨hal-03531186⟩
T. Eljaddi, S. Ragueneau, C. Cordier, A. Lange, M. Rabiller, et al.. Ultrafiltration to secure shellfish industrial activities: Culture of microalgae and oyster fertilization. Aquacultural Engineering, Elsevier, 2021, 95, pp.102204. ⟨10.1016/j.aquaeng.2021.102204⟩. ⟨hal-03514653⟩ Plus de détails...
Shellfish farming, a key sector of French aquaculture activity, allows the production of oyster spat in a controlled environment. Their production in commercial hatcheries requires control over the quality of the seawater used to sustain crossbreeding, breeding, and the production of fodder microalgae. Therefore, improving the filtration conditions of incoming water is crucial in ensuring the sustainability of production. An ultrafiltration pilot plant was therefore installed at Vendee Naissain. This ultrafiltration pilot plant allows filtration at 0.02 mu m; it is used upstream of hatcheries to eliminate pathogens and parasites that can influence the development of cultivated species and downstream to remove oyster gametes in hatchery effluents. The objectives of this work were: (i) to use ultrafiltered seawater for the culture of the microalga Isochrysis lutea (T-Iso) to determine whether better growth than that observed with borehole water, historically used by the producer, can be achieved; and (ii) to determine whether the use of ultrafiltered water results in better fertilization rates of the cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas compared to filtered and UV-treated seawater. Ultrafiltered water has shown definite efficiency for culturing T-Iso with rapid growth and significant reduction in contamination compared to cultivation in well water. The contribution of ultrafiltered water in hatching is more nuanced; ultrafiltered water does not stabilize hatch rates, and its quality is highly dependent on the quality of the seawater used.
T. Eljaddi, S. Ragueneau, C. Cordier, A. Lange, M. Rabiller, et al.. Ultrafiltration to secure shellfish industrial activities: Culture of microalgae and oyster fertilization. Aquacultural Engineering, Elsevier, 2021, 95, pp.102204. ⟨10.1016/j.aquaeng.2021.102204⟩. ⟨hal-03514653⟩
T. Eljaddi, S. Ragueneau, C. Cordier, A. Lange, M. Rabiller, et al.. Ultrafiltration to secure shellfish industrial activities: Culture of microalgae and oyster fertilization. Aquacultural Engineering, Elsevier, 2021, 95, pp.102204. ⟨10.1016/j.aquaeng.2021.102204⟩. ⟨hal-03597226⟩ Plus de détails...
Shellfish farming, a key sector of French aquaculture activity, allows the production of oyster spat in a controlled environment. Their production in commercial hatcheries requires control over the quality of the seawater used to sustain crossbreeding, breeding, and the production of fodder microalgae. Therefore, improving the filtration conditions of incoming water is crucial in ensuring the sustainability of production. An ultrafiltration pilot plant was therefore installed at Vendee Naissain. This ultrafiltration pilot plant allows filtration at 0.02 mu m; it is used upstream of hatcheries to eliminate pathogens and parasites that can influence the development of cultivated species and downstream to remove oyster gametes in hatchery effluents. The objectives of this work were: (i) to use ultrafiltered seawater for the culture of the microalga Isochrysis lutea (T-Iso) to determine whether better growth than that observed with borehole water, historically used by the producer, can be achieved; and (ii) to determine whether the use of ultrafiltered water results in better fertilization rates of the cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas compared to filtered and UV-treated seawater. Ultrafiltered water has shown definite efficiency for culturing T-Iso with rapid growth and significant reduction in contamination compared to cultivation in well water. The contribution of ultrafiltered water in hatching is more nuanced; ultrafiltered water does not stabilize hatch rates, and its quality is highly dependent on the quality of the seawater used.
T. Eljaddi, S. Ragueneau, C. Cordier, A. Lange, M. Rabiller, et al.. Ultrafiltration to secure shellfish industrial activities: Culture of microalgae and oyster fertilization. Aquacultural Engineering, Elsevier, 2021, 95, pp.102204. ⟨10.1016/j.aquaeng.2021.102204⟩. ⟨hal-03597226⟩
Jiaqi Yang, Mathias Monnot, Lionel Ercolei, Philippe Moulin. Impact of Chlorinated-Assisted Backwash and Air Backwash on Ultrafiltration Fouling Management for Urban Wastewater Tertiary Treatment. Membranes, MDPI, 2021, 11 (10), pp.733. ⟨10.3390/membranes11100733⟩. ⟨hal-03514663⟩ Plus de détails...
To improve membrane fouling management, the NaClO-assisted backwash has been developed to improve permeability maintenance and reduce the need for intensive chemical cleanings. This study is aimed to focus on the efficiency of NaClO-assisted backwash in real UF pilot scale and with periodic classic backwash (CB) and air backwash (AB). The impacts on hydraulic filtration performance, physicochemical properties of membrane material under different addition frequencies of NaClO, and the performance of chlorinated CB and AB will be discussed. In result, 10 mg Cl2 L−1 NaClO addition in backwash water is confirmed to greatly improve the overall filtration performance and backwash cleaning efficiency. One condition stands out from the other due to better control of irreversible fouling, less NaClO consumption in 10 years prediction, sustainable and adaptable filtration performance, and less potential damage on the physicochemical properties of the membrane. Additionally, it can be inferred from this experiment that frequent contact with NaClO induced some degradation on the PES-made UF membrane surface properties. To retain the best state of UF membrane on anti-fouling and qualified production, the optimized condition with more frequent NaClO contact was not suggested for long-term filtration.
Jiaqi Yang, Mathias Monnot, Lionel Ercolei, Philippe Moulin. Impact of Chlorinated-Assisted Backwash and Air Backwash on Ultrafiltration Fouling Management for Urban Wastewater Tertiary Treatment. Membranes, MDPI, 2021, 11 (10), pp.733. ⟨10.3390/membranes11100733⟩. ⟨hal-03514663⟩
J. Yang, Mathias Monnot, T. Eljaddi, L. Ercolei, L. Simonian, et al.. Ultrafiltration as tertiary treatment for municipal wastewater reuse. Separation and Purification Technology, Elsevier, 2021, 272, pp.118921. ⟨10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118921⟩. ⟨hal-03514681⟩ Plus de détails...
Water reuse is an enduring topic that benefits the society and future generations of mankind. Ultrafiltration (UF) is one of the most cost-effective treatment technologies for improving water quality. In this study, a semiindustrial UF pilot plant with periodical classic backwash (CB) and air backwash (AB) was operated automatically to evaluate its feasibility and sustainability for municipal wastewater reuse and find out the optimized filtration condition. This study carried out 15 filtration conditions to investigate the impacts of flux (J in L center dot h-1 center dot m- 2), filtration cycle time (t in min), and air backwash frequency (BW) on membrane hydraulic filtration performance and membrane fouling management. Through comparative analysis of all conditions in water quality, permeability variation, irreversible fouling management, and water recovery rates, the sustainable conditions J80t40BW1/3 (flux of 80 L center dot h- 1 center dot m- 2, filtration cycle time of 40 min, 1 AB followed with 3 CBs), J60t60BW1/4 (flux of 60 L center dot h- 1 center dot m- 2, filtration cycle time of 60 min, 1 AB followed with 4 CBs), and J60t60BW1/ 3 (flux of 60 L center dot h- 1 center dot m- 2, filtration cycle time of 60 min, 1 AB followed with 3 CBs), stood out from the others with higher overall performances. Additionally, air backwash showed excellent reversibility on membrane fouling control, which was around 1.25-2 times that of CB in average. After all, long term operation on condition J60t60BW1/3 in winter and in summer confirmed that the UF system could provide sustainable and adaptable filtration performance regardless of the temperature and feed water quality. The UF permeate quality is good enough to be reused in non-potable applications as it met reuse guidelines of the World Health Organization, reuse standards of France and the most recent EU regulation for agricultural irrigation. This work confirms the great interest of UF as tertiary treatment for water reuse and gives operational indications for future industrialscale production of reclaimed water.
J. Yang, Mathias Monnot, T. Eljaddi, L. Ercolei, L. Simonian, et al.. Ultrafiltration as tertiary treatment for municipal wastewater reuse. Separation and Purification Technology, Elsevier, 2021, 272, pp.118921. ⟨10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118921⟩. ⟨hal-03514681⟩
26 November 2021
- Ultrafiltration as urban wastewater tertiary treatment for water reuse at semi-industrial scale / Thesis defense Jiaqi YANG
Doctorant : Jiaqi YANG
Date de soutenance : Vendredi 26 November 2021 à 10h (Grand Amphithéâtre du CEREGE - Site de l'Arbois)
Abstract : Water reuse is a sustainable development strategy that benefits society and future generations. In this study, a semi-industrial ultrafiltration (UF) pilot plant established at the outlet of a wastewater treatment plant was studied to assess its feasibility and sustainability for non-potable water reuse. The optimization of operating conditions made it possible to support reliable and sustainable filtration performance, the operating conditions were optimized through comparative analysis in terms of water quality, permeability variation, irreversible fouling management, and water recovery rate. The best conditions were J80t40BW1/3 (flux of 80 L·h−1·m−2, filtration cycle time of 40 min, 1 air backwash followed by 3 classical backwashes), J60t60BW1/4 and J60t60BW1/3. The long-term study on condition J60t60BW1/3 provides sustainable and adaptable filtration performance regardless of the temperature and feed water quality variation. In addition, the air backwashes enabled excellent reversibility of membrane fouling, which was approximately 1.25 to 2 times higher than of classic backwashes in average. The quality of the UF permeate was good enough to be reused in non-potable purposes as it met reuse guidelines of the World Health Organization, reuse standards of France, and the most recent EU regulation for agricultural irrigation. A specific study of membrane cleaning has shown that the addition of NaClO in backwash water can greatly increase cleaning efficiency of air backwashes. Finally, the calculation of the capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operational expenditure (OPEX) of the UF system under optimized conditions gives a profitable net unit price for water production. Through this thesis, UF is confirmed to be a reliable tertiary treatment for water reuse and the results give operational indications for the industrial scale and provides proposals for the management of membrane fouling by air backwash with chemical assistance.
Jury :
Annabelle COUVERT (Examinateur) / Professeur des Universités, ISCR, ENSC Rennes
Lionel ERCOLEI (Membre invité) /Directeur de l’Innovation, Société des Eaux de Marseille Métropole
Marc HÉRAN (Rapporteur) / Professeur des Universités, IEM, Université de Montpellier
Mathias MONNOT (Co-Directeur de Thèse) / Maître de Conférences, M2P2, Aix-Marseille Université
Philippe MOULIN (Directeur de Thèse) / Professeur des Universités, M2P2, Aix-Marseille Université
Patrick SAUVADE (Membre Invité) / Product manager, Aquasource, Toulouse
17 septembre 2021
- Rétention de virus par ultrafiltration : application à la production d'eau potable / Soutenance de thèse de Nolwenn JACQUET
Doctorante : Nolwenn JACQUET
Date de soutenance : Vendredi 17 septembre 2021 à 9:00 ; Technopôle de l'Arbois-Méditerranée ; CEREGE, Amphithéâtre.
Résumé :
Lors de la production d'eau potable, produire une eau exempte de tout microorganisme pathogène pour l'homme est une priorité afin d'éviter tout risque sanitaire. Le traitement de ces différents pathogènes est assuré en usine par un traitement multi barrières composé de différents procédés de désinfection comme le chlore, les rayonnements UV et/ou l'ozone. Les procédés membranaires peuvent également compléter cette désinfection sans ajout de corps tiers. Lors de cette thèse, le procédé d'ultrafiltration a été étudié vis-à-vis de la rétention de deux virus entériques pathogènes : un adénovirus (AdV 41) et un entérovirus (CV-B5). La rétention de ces virus a pu être comparée à celle d'autres composés comme les bactériophages MS2 ou les nanoparticules fluorescentes, afin d'évaluer leur potentiel comme modèle de rétention virale. Différentes conditions opératoires ont pu être étudiées afin de mettre en évidence les potentielles différences entre les manipulations en laboratoire et la réalité industrielle. La rétention virale apparait fortement impactée par la concentration en amont de la membrane et/ou la concentration d'alimentation. Si les abattements viraux calculés pour de fortes concentrations virales d'alimentation peuvent atteindre, en accord avec les données fabricant, 3 à plus de 5 log selon les membranes et les virus étudiés, des abattements inférieurs à 1 log sont obtenus pour les plus faibles charges virales étudiées, représentatives de la réalité de la contamination des ressources en eau. L'impact de la membrane mais également de son vieillissement sur la rétention virale a également été étudié par rapport à un vieillissement au NaOCl et un vieillissement réel en usine. Si l'exposition au NaOCl entraîne bien des dégradations du matériau membranaire, c'est l'apparition du colmatage après les cycles de filtrations en usine qui influence fortement la rétention virale avec le vieillissement. L'osmose inverse basse pression a également été étudiée et comparée à l'ultrafiltration. Ces membranes denses permettent ainsi d'améliorer la rétention virale, bien qu'elles ne permettent pas une rétention totale.
Jury
Directeur de these M. Philippe MOULIN Aix Marseille Université
