Bioréacteur à membranes (voir les détails sur la page dédiée)
Publications scientifiques au M2P2
2020
Y. Jaouad, M. Villain-Gambier, L. Mandi, B. Marrot, N. Ouazzani. Comparison of aerobic processes for olive mill wastewater treatment. Water Science and Technology, 2020, 81 (9), pp.1914-1926. ⟨10.2166/wst.2020.247⟩. ⟨hal-03232154⟩ Plus de détails...
Membrane bioreactor (MBR) has been proven to be an efficient technology capable of treating various industrial effluents. However, the evaluation of its performances in the case of olive mill wastewater (OMW) over a conventional activated sludge (CAS) have not been determined yet. The present study aims to compare OMW treatment in two laboratory scale pilots: an external ceramic MBR and CAS starting with an acclimation step in both reactors by raising OMW concentration progressively. After the acclimation step, the reactors received OMW at 2 g COD /L with respect to an organic loading rate of 0.2 and 0.3 kg COD /kg MLVSS /d for MBR and CAS, respectively. Biomass acclimation occurred successfully in both systems; however, the MBR tolerated more OMW toxicity than CAS as the MBR always maintained an effluent with a better quality. At a stable state, a higher reduction of 95% chemical oxygen demand (COD) was obtained with MBR compared to CAS (86%), but both succeeded in polyphenols removal (80%). Moreover, a higher MLSS elimination from the MBR treated water (97%) was measured against 88% for CAS. Therefore, CAS was suitable for OMW treatment and MBR could be proposed as an alternative to CAS when a better quality of treated water is required.
Y. Jaouad, M. Villain-Gambier, L. Mandi, B. Marrot, N. Ouazzani. Comparison of aerobic processes for olive mill wastewater treatment. Water Science and Technology, 2020, 81 (9), pp.1914-1926. ⟨10.2166/wst.2020.247⟩. ⟨hal-03232154⟩
Y. Jaouad, M. Villain-Gambier, L. Mandi, B. Marrot, N. Ouazzani. Comparison of aerobic processes for olive mill wastewater treatment. Water Science and Technology, 2020, 81 (9), pp.1914-1926. ⟨10.2166/wst.2020.247⟩. ⟨hal-02936667⟩ Plus de détails...
Y. Jaouad, M. Villain-Gambier, L. Mandi, B. Marrot, N. Ouazzani. Comparison of aerobic processes for olive mill wastewater treatment. Water Science and Technology, 2020, 81 (9), pp.1914-1926. ⟨10.2166/wst.2020.247⟩. ⟨hal-02936667⟩
Maud Villain-Gambier, Isabelle Bourven, Gilles Guibaud, Benoît Marrot. Influence of proteins and humic-like substances from soluble microbial products on membrane bioreactor fouling under normal and stress conditions. Process Biochemistry, 2019, 78, pp.140-147. ⟨10.1016/j.procbio.2019.01.012⟩. ⟨hal-02176976⟩ Plus de détails...
Soluble microbial products are one of the major fouling agents in membrane bioreactor (MBR). It is accepted that high molecular weights polysaccharides are the main contributors to membrane fouling but the presence in bulk solution of proteins and humic-like substances make fouling layer more complex. To better understand the role of both components in fouling establishment, they were quantified and characterized in bioreactor and permeate under various operating conditions (sludge retention time (SRT), synthetic or real wastewater (SWW or RWW), rapid variation of food to microorganisms (F/M) ratio). With SWW at hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 h, a larger part of proteins possessing small molecular weights (< 1 kDa) were obtained with increasing SRT from 20 to 50 d. At 50 d, these proteins present better retention (93%) and could participate in lowering gel layer porosity. MBR operating at SRT of 20 d was then preferable. At respective SRT and HRT of 50 d and 24 h with SWW, F/M ratio decrease (from 0.2 to 0.1 kg (COD).kg(MLVSS)(-1).d(-1) during 24 h) provoked implementation of a compact fouling layer which provoked a high TMP increase (0.83 kPa.h(-1)). Biodegradation of proteins involved in bio clusters structures were implied in this phenomenon.
Maud Villain-Gambier, Isabelle Bourven, Gilles Guibaud, Benoît Marrot. Influence of proteins and humic-like substances from soluble microbial products on membrane bioreactor fouling under normal and stress conditions. Process Biochemistry, 2019, 78, pp.140-147. ⟨10.1016/j.procbio.2019.01.012⟩. ⟨hal-02176976⟩
Maud Villain-Gambier, Isabelle Bourven, Gilles Guibaud, Benoît Marrot. Influence of proteins and humic-like substances from soluble microbial products on membrane bioreactor fouling under normal and stress conditions. Process Biochemistry, Elsevier, 2019, 78, pp.140-147. ⟨10.1016/j.procbio.2019.01.012⟩. ⟨hal-02176976⟩ Plus de détails...
Soluble microbial products are one of the major fouling agents in membrane bioreactor (MBR). It is accepted that high molecular weights polysaccharides are the main contributors to membrane fouling but the presence in bulk solution of proteins and humic-like substances make fouling layer more complex. To better understand the role of both components in fouling establishment, they were quantified and characterized in bioreactor and permeate under various operating conditions (sludge retention time (SRT), synthetic or real wastewater (SWW or RWW), rapid variation of food to microorganisms (F/M) ratio). With SWW at hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 h, a larger part of proteins possessing small molecular weights (< 1 kDa) were obtained with increasing SRT from 20 to 50 d. At 50 d, these proteins present better retention (93%) and could participate in lowering gel layer porosity. MBR operating at SRT of 20 d was then preferable. At respective SRT and HRT of 50 d and 24 h with SWW, F/M ratio decrease (from 0.2 to 0.1 kg (COD).kg(MLVSS)(-1).d(-1) during 24 h) provoked implementation of a compact fouling layer which provoked a high TMP increase (0.83 kPa.h(-1)). Biodegradation of proteins involved in bio clusters structures were implied in this phenomenon.
Maud Villain-Gambier, Isabelle Bourven, Gilles Guibaud, Benoît Marrot. Influence of proteins and humic-like substances from soluble microbial products on membrane bioreactor fouling under normal and stress conditions. Process Biochemistry, Elsevier, 2019, 78, pp.140-147. ⟨10.1016/j.procbio.2019.01.012⟩. ⟨hal-02176976⟩
Y. Jaouad, M. Villain-Gambier, L. Mandi, B. Marrot, N. Ouazzani. Key process parameters involved in the treatment of olive mill wastewater by membrane bioreactor. Environmental Technology, 2018, 40 (24), pp.3162-3175. ⟨10.1080/09593330.2018.1464064⟩. ⟨hal-02467998⟩ Plus de détails...
The Olive Mill Wastewater (OMWW) biodegradation in an external ceramic membrane bioreactor (MBR) was investigated with a starting acclimation step with a Ultrafiltration (UF) membrane (150 kDa) and no sludge discharge in order to develop a specific biomass adapted to OMWW biodegradation. After acclimation step, UF was replaced by an Microfiltration (MF) membrane (0.1 mu m). Sludge Retention Time (SRT) was set around 25 days and Food to Microorganisms ratio (F/M) was fixed at 0.2 kg(COD) kg(MLVSS)(-1) d(-1). At stable state, removal of the main phenolic compounds (hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) were successfully reached (95% both). Considered as a predominant fouling factor, but never quantified in MBR treated OMWW, Soluble Microbial Products (SMP) proteins, polysaccharides and humic substances concentrations were determined (80, 110 and 360 mg L-1 respectively). At the same time, fouling was easily managed due to favourable hydraulic conditions of external ceramic MBR. Therefore, OMWW could be efficiently and durably treated by an MF MBR process under adapted operating parameters.
Y. Jaouad, M. Villain-Gambier, L. Mandi, B. Marrot, N. Ouazzani. Key process parameters involved in the treatment of olive mill wastewater by membrane bioreactor. Environmental Technology, 2018, 40 (24), pp.3162-3175. ⟨10.1080/09593330.2018.1464064⟩. ⟨hal-02467998⟩
Pierre Hamon, Philippe Moulin, Lionel Ercolei, Benoit Marrot. Oncological ward wastewater treatment by membrane bioreactor: Acclimation feasibility and pharmaceuticals removal performances. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 2018, 21, pp.9-26. ⟨10.1016/j.jwpe.2017.11.012⟩. ⟨hal-02114276⟩ Plus de détails...
Discharges of care, analyses and research activities from hospital wards are the source of the specificity of hospital effluents because they contain, among others, drug residues, detergents and disinfectants. Even if hospitals represent a small fraction of the total drug load discharged into the environment, below 10% for drugs, the characterization of this specific effluent shows that global pollution is 2-3 times more concentrated than urban wastewater. Moreover this ratio increases to 150 times for some micropollutants. Activated sludge ac-climation in 2 membrane bioreactor (MBR) configurations (external and external submerged) to effluents from an oncological ward will be studied monitoring the performances on conventional pollution parameters (che-mical oxygen demand, ammonium, total suspended solids etc.). The performances of drug degradation are compared with the data of the literature and with degradation tests in batch reactor with no acclimated biomass from a municipal wastewater treatment plant. The results are achieved for effluents with a high concentration of drug molecules, up to 6.82 mg L −1 for ifosfamide. The treatment allows the development of enhanced purification efficiencies on drug molecules and confirms the choice of a MBR process to treat this effluent, although the simultaneous presence of the various compounds leads to a complex biological response. Indeed, 5-FU was eliminated almost systematically over 90%. Sulfamethoxazole and codeine can be significantly eliminated biologically, respectively to 79 and 95%. IF and CP removal in the reactor appeared more moderate since it does not exceed 40% but membrane fouling led to higher removals of both molecules.
Pierre Hamon, Philippe Moulin, Lionel Ercolei, Benoit Marrot. Oncological ward wastewater treatment by membrane bioreactor: Acclimation feasibility and pharmaceuticals removal performances. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 2018, 21, pp.9-26. ⟨10.1016/j.jwpe.2017.11.012⟩. ⟨hal-02114276⟩
Pierre Hamon, Philippe Moulin, Lionel Ercolei, Benoit Marrot. Performance of a biomass adapted to oncological ward wastewater vs. biomass from municipal WWTP on the removal of pharmaceutical molecules. Water Research, 2018, 128, pp.193 - 205. ⟨10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.037⟩. ⟨hal-02114290⟩ Plus de détails...
The performance of a biomass adapted to Oncological Ward Wastewater (OWW) in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) was compared with that of a municipal WWTP, on the removal of pharmaceutical molecules and more specifically on their overall resistance and purifying ability in the presence of pharmaceutical cocktails. Sorption and biotransformation mechanisms on two antineoplastics, one antibiotic and a painkiller were evaluated. Sludge acclimated to OWW allowed for a 34% increase in the removal rate and in the minimum inhibition concentration. The percentage of the amounts of specific pharmaceutical compounds removed by biotransformation or by sorption were measured. These results are positive, as they show that the observed removal of pharmaceutical molecules by biomass acclimated to OWW can mostly be attributed to developed biotransformation, unlike the biomass from the municipal WWTP for which sorption is sometimes the only removal mechanism. The biotransformation kinetic and the solid-water distribution coefficients in this study show good agreement with literature data, even for much higher pharmaceutical concentrations in OWW.
Pierre Hamon, Philippe Moulin, Lionel Ercolei, Benoit Marrot. Performance of a biomass adapted to oncological ward wastewater vs. biomass from municipal WWTP on the removal of pharmaceutical molecules. Water Research, 2018, 128, pp.193 - 205. ⟨10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.037⟩. ⟨hal-02114290⟩
A lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) with enhanced stability and accuracy is presented for various Hermite tensor-based lattice structures. The collision operator relies on a regularization step, which is here improved through a recursive computation of nonequilibrium Hermite polynomial coefficients. In addition to the reduced computational cost of this procedure with respect to the standard one, the recursive step allows to considerably enhance the stability and accuracy of the numerical scheme by properly filtering out second-(and higher-) order nonhydrodynamic contributions in under-resolved conditions. This is first shown in the isothermal case where the simulation of the doubly periodic shear layer is performed with a Reynolds number ranging from 104 to 10(6), and where a thorough analysis of the case at Re = 3 x 10(4) is conducted. In the latter, results obtained using both regularization steps are compared against the Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook LBM for standard (D2Q9) and high-order (D2V17 and D2V37) lattice structures, confirming the tremendous increase of stability range of the proposed approach. Further comparisons on thermal and fully compressible flows, using the general extension of this procedure, are then conducted through the numerical simulation of Sod shock tubes with the D2V37 lattice. They confirm the stability increase induced by the recursive approach as compared with the standard one.
Christophe Coreixas, Gauthier Wissocq, Guillaume Puigt, Jean-François Boussuge, Pierre Sagaut. Recursive regularization step for high-order lattice Boltzmann methods. Physical Review E , 2017, 96 (3), pp.033306. ⟨10.1103/PhysRevE.96.033306⟩. ⟨hal-01596322⟩
The current work aims to study the biomass behaviour in a continuous mode activated sludge system (ASS) treating olive mill wastewater (OMWW) through an increasing OMWW food to microorganism ration (F/M). To this end, the biomass growth, the specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR), microbial characterization, sludge volume index (SVI) as well as COD and phenolic compounds removal efficiencies were examined over time. Results showed a successful growth of the biomass that reached 6.79 g(TSS) l(-1) and 5.42 g(VSS) l(-1). Its viability, its adaptability, and its good physiological activity were confirmed by the obtained result of SOUR with an average of 9.95 mg(O2)gV(SS)(-1)h(-1), as well as aerobic microbial population characterization in terms of aerobic revivable bacteria at 22 degrees C and 37 degrees C, Pseudomonas sp., mould and yeast and total fungi. The concentration of these strains characterized by their ability to degrade effectively COD and phenolic compounds increased significantly (p < .05) over time. This demonstrated a great promptness in response to the increasing OMWW mass ratio. For all treatment steps, removal efficiencies were high and reached 95% of COD and 93% of phenolic compounds, also the flocs settleability shown by SVI measurement was optimal.
Tawfik El Moussaoui, Yasamine Jaouad, Laila Mandi, Benoît Marrot, Naaila Ouazzani. Biomass behaviour in a conventional activated sludge system treating olive mill wastewater. Environmental Technology, 2017, 39 (2), pp.190 - 202. ⟨10.1080/09593330.2017.1296899⟩. ⟨hal-01816020⟩
Yasamine Jaouad, Maud Villain, Naaila Ouazzani, Laila Mandi, Benoît Marrot. Biodegradation of olive mill wastewater in a membrane bioreactor: acclimation of the biomass and constraints. Desalination and Water Treatment, 2015, 57 (18), pp.8109-8118. ⟨10.1080/19443994.2015.1025435⟩. ⟨hal-01297598⟩ Plus de détails...
In order to overcome the toxic effect of olive mill wastewater (OMWW) on biomass during biological treatment, this work will test OMWW biodegradation in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) using an acclimation procedure and will study its constraints. Special focus will be put on soluble microbial products (SMP) analysis in MBR and their impact on membrane fouling. The study was realized in an external ceramic ultrafiltration MBR which offers more flexibility than the other biological treatments (i.e. independence between both hydraulic and sludge retention time) and a smaller footprint. Fed with a mass ratio of 40% OMWW/60% glucose, MBR biomass showed efficient chemical oxygen demand and polyphenols removal rates of, respectively, 90 and 65% despite a low activity of 3.2 mgO2 gMLVSS−1 h−1 due to the harsh and toxic environment. Moreover, HPLC analysis has showed a removal from the permeate of the major phenolic compounds including hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, and caffeic acid. The monitoring of SMP concentrations has contributed to identify the presence of an environmental stress during OMWW input. Polysaccharide and protein are the main SMP fractions released with, respectively, 10 ± 0.1–20 ± 0.5 mg gMLVSS−1 and 4 ± 0.01–8 ± 0.01 mg gMLVSS−1. These SMP and higher molecular weight compounds brought by OMWW were found to be partially responsible for the intensive membrane fouling obtained. The feasibility of biomass acclimation directly to OMWW composed of multi-phenolic compounds was proved in MBR and its constraints were discussed. Microfiltration membrane would be suggested to overcome the constraints observed when ultrafiltration membrane was used (150 kDa).
Yasamine Jaouad, Maud Villain, Naaila Ouazzani, Laila Mandi, Benoît Marrot. Biodegradation of olive mill wastewater in a membrane bioreactor: acclimation of the biomass and constraints. Desalination and Water Treatment, 2015, 57 (18), pp.8109-8118. ⟨10.1080/19443994.2015.1025435⟩. ⟨hal-01297598⟩
Maud Villain, Isabelle Bourven, Gilles Guibaud, Benoît Marrot. Impact of synthetic or real urban wastewater on membrane bioreactor (MBR) performances and membrane fouling under stable conditions. Bioresource Technology, 2014, 155, pp.235-244. ⟨10.1016/j.biortech.2013.12.063⟩. ⟨hal-01053345⟩ Plus de détails...
Influence of substrate type (synthetic (SWW) or real wastewater (RWW)) on lab scale MBR performances (e.g. COD and N-NH4+ removal rates and bioactivities) was assessed. Membrane fouling was related to MBR biological medium characteristics. With RWW, autotrophic biomass was better acclimated with complete ammonium removal. MBR biological medium was characterized by main soluble microbial products (SMP) (proteins, polysaccharides and humic-like substances) quantification and molecular weights (MW) distribution determination. The biological medium of SWW acclimation contained 60 mg L (1) more of SMP, mainly composed of proteins and polysaccharides. A protein fraction having high MW (>600 kDa) could be responsible for higher removable fouling fraction in that case. SMP of RWW experiment were mainly composed of small proteic and humic-like fractions, poorly retained by the membrane and resulting in a weak augmentation of irremovable and irreversible fouling fractions compared to SWW acclimation. Therefore RWW utilization is preferable to approach real operating MBR.
Maud Villain, Isabelle Bourven, Gilles Guibaud, Benoît Marrot. Impact of synthetic or real urban wastewater on membrane bioreactor (MBR) performances and membrane fouling under stable conditions. Bioresource Technology, 2014, 155, pp.235-244. ⟨10.1016/j.biortech.2013.12.063⟩. ⟨hal-01053345⟩
Pierre Hamon, Maud Villain, Benoît Marrot. Determination of sorption properties of micropollutants: What is the most suitable activated sludge inhibition technique to preserve the biomass structure?. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2014, 242, pp.260-268. ⟨10.1016/j.cej.2013.07.117⟩. ⟨hal-01050196⟩ Plus de détails...
Apart from providing a total activated sludge (AS) inhibition, an efficient AS inhibition technique must preserve the biomass structure in order to maintain the real sorption phenomenon. Many inhibition techniques with different modes of action were used in previous studies for AS inhibition. But, the effectiveness of AS deactivation and the adverse effects on the biomass structure were rarely related. In this paper, five common AS inhibition techniques were evaluated: thermal, three chemical and gas purging techniques. The lowest chemical effective concentrations were determined in order to limit the negative impact on the AS structure. 100 mgHg2SO4 gTSS−1 and 30 mgHgCl2 gTSS−1 within 2 h of reaction were enough to provide a complete AS inhibition. However, after 20 h of reaction a full AS inhibition has never been achieved with sodium azide at 200 mgNaN3 gTSS−1, even by increasing NaN3 concentration. The analysis of the AS apparent viscosity, the median size D50 of the flocs and the supernatant turbidity showed that the thermal technique destructured the AS completely. A significant AS deflocculation is induced by the three chemical reagents depending on the mode of action and the concentration used. Thermal and chemical inactivations are therefore not suitable to determine sorption properties. The only technique which kept the initial AS structure unchanged has several drawbacks since (i) a reaction might occur between the gas and the analyte of interest, and (ii) anaerobic activated sludge are not inhibited by this technique. Therefore, the establishment of anaerobic conditions without gas injection is recommended for implementing sorption experiments on aerobic AS.
Pierre Hamon, Maud Villain, Benoît Marrot. Determination of sorption properties of micropollutants: What is the most suitable activated sludge inhibition technique to preserve the biomass structure?. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2014, 242, pp.260-268. ⟨10.1016/j.cej.2013.07.117⟩. ⟨hal-01050196⟩
Josiane Nikiema, Alberto Figoli, Norbert Weissenbaker, Günter Langergraber, Benoît Marrot, et al.. Wastewater treatment practices in Africa : experiences from seven countries. Sustainable Sanitation Practice, 2013, 14, pp.26-34. ⟨hal-00995647⟩ Plus de détails...
In this paper, existing wastewater treatment practices in 7 African countries, i.e. Algeria, Burkina Faso, Egypt, Ghana, Morocco, Senegal and Tunisia, are reported. Data were collected by questioning wastewater treatment plants managers as well as treated wastewater users in 2012. This study showed that 0.2 to 63 L/d/person of wastewater are treated in these countries, with the higher levels obtained for North Africa. Technically, treatment plants (mostly activated sludge and waste stabilization ponds) deal with high organic loads, uncontrolled input, power cuts and increasing wastewater flow rates. Poor operation and maintenance (O&M), in part caused by the lack of funds, high energy costs and lack of re-investments, is also a serious reported issue. Consequently, treatment plants often deliver insufficient effluent quality, which negatively affects the environment and acceptability of stakeholders towards the treated water. Other challenges, such as water availability, long-term impacts, financial and social constraints, affecting the reuse, are also discussed. [authors abstract]
Josiane Nikiema, Alberto Figoli, Norbert Weissenbaker, Günter Langergraber, Benoît Marrot, et al.. Wastewater treatment practices in Africa : experiences from seven countries. Sustainable Sanitation Practice, 2013, 14, pp.26-34. ⟨hal-00995647⟩
Maud Villain, Ludiwine Clouzot, Gilles Guibaud, Benoît Marrot. Impact of oxygen cut off and starvation conditions on biological activity and physico-chemical properties of activated sludge. Environmental Technology, 2013, 34 (7), pp.901-910. ⟨10.1080/09593330.2012.722689⟩. ⟨hal-00995710⟩ Plus de détails...
Physico-chemical and biological parameters were monitored both throughout different oxygen cut off and starvation (OCS) times (6 h-72 h) and after the restoration of normal operational conditions. Sludge apparent viscosity and soluble extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) characteristics were measured to determine the activated sludge (AS) properties. Oxygen transfer, biological activity with specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) measurements during endogenous/exogenous conditions (without any external substrate/with external substrate consumption) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal were measured to assess the AS performances. During the different stress times, AS deflocculated as a decrease of apparent viscosity was observed and microorganisms biodegraded the released EPS to survive. After aeration return, and under endogenous conditions, size exclusion chromatographic fingerprints of soluble EPS were modified and macromolecules probably of type humic-like substances appeared in significant quantities. These new macromolecules presumably acted as biosurfactants. Consequently, the liquid surface tension, as well as the oxygen transfer rate (OTR), decreased. Under exogenous conditions, high biological activity (SOUR = 11.8 +/- 2.1 mg(O2 x g(MLVSS)(-1) x h(-1)) compensated the decrease of oxygen transfer. Finally, AS biomass maintained a constant COD degradation rate (15.7 +/- 1.9 mg(O2) x g(MLVSS)(-1) x h(-1)) before and after the disturbances for all times tested. This work demonstrates that AS microorganisms can counteract concomitant oxygen and nutrients shortage when the duration of such a condition does not exceed 72 h. Dissociation of endogenous/exogenous conditions appears to offer an ideal laboratory model to study EPS and biomass activity effects on oxygen transfer.
Maud Villain, Ludiwine Clouzot, Gilles Guibaud, Benoît Marrot. Impact of oxygen cut off and starvation conditions on biological activity and physico-chemical properties of activated sludge. Environmental Technology, 2013, 34 (7), pp.901-910. ⟨10.1080/09593330.2012.722689⟩. ⟨hal-00995710⟩
Maud Villain, Ludiwine Clouzot, Gilles Guibaud, Benoît Marrot. Impact of oxygen cut off and starvation conditions on biological activity and physico-chemical properties of activated sludge. Environmental Technology, 2013, 34 (7), pp.901-910. ⟨10.1080/09593330.2012.722689⟩. ⟨hal-00995710⟩ Plus de détails...
Physico-chemical and biological parameters were monitored both throughout different oxygen cut off and starvation (OCS) times (6 h-72 h) and after the restoration of normal operational conditions. Sludge apparent viscosity and soluble extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) characteristics were measured to determine the activated sludge (AS) properties. Oxygen transfer, biological activity with specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) measurements during endogenous/exogenous conditions (without any external substrate/with external substrate consumption) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal were measured to assess the AS performances. During the different stress times, AS deflocculated as a decrease of apparent viscosity was observed and microorganisms biodegraded the released EPS to survive. After aeration return, and under endogenous conditions, size exclusion chromatographic fingerprints of soluble EPS were modified and macromolecules probably of type humic-like substances appeared in significant quantities. These new macromolecules presumably acted as biosurfactants. Consequently, the liquid surface tension, as well as the oxygen transfer rate (OTR), decreased. Under exogenous conditions, high biological activity (SOUR = 11.8 +/- 2.1 mg(O2 x g(MLVSS)(-1) x h(-1)) compensated the decrease of oxygen transfer. Finally, AS biomass maintained a constant COD degradation rate (15.7 +/- 1.9 mg(O2) x g(MLVSS)(-1) x h(-1)) before and after the disturbances for all times tested. This work demonstrates that AS microorganisms can counteract concomitant oxygen and nutrients shortage when the duration of such a condition does not exceed 72 h. Dissociation of endogenous/exogenous conditions appears to offer an ideal laboratory model to study EPS and biomass activity effects on oxygen transfer.
Maud Villain, Ludiwine Clouzot, Gilles Guibaud, Benoît Marrot. Impact of oxygen cut off and starvation conditions on biological activity and physico-chemical properties of activated sludge. Environmental Technology, 2013, 34 (7), pp.901-910. ⟨10.1080/09593330.2012.722689⟩. ⟨hal-00995710⟩
Maud Villain, Benoît Marrot. Influence of sludge retention time at constant food to microorganisms ratio on membrane bioreactor performances under stable and unstable state conditions. Bioresource Technology, 2013, 128, pp.134-144. ⟨10.1016/j.biortech.2012.10.108⟩. ⟨hal-00995702⟩ Plus de détails...
Food to microorganisms ratio (F/M) and sludge retention time (SRT) are known to affect in different ways biomass growth, bioactivities and foulants characteristics. Thus the aim of this study was to dissociate the effects of SRT from those of F/M ratio on lab-scale membrane bioreactors performances during stable and unstable state. Two acclimations were stabilized at a SRT of either 20 or 50 d with a constant F/M ratio of 0.2 kgCOD kgMLVSS−1 d−1. During stable state, a higher N-NH4+ removal rate (78%) was obtained at SRT of 50 d as an easier autotroph development was observed. Soluble microbial products (SMPs) release was double at 50 d with a majority of polysaccharides (49% of total SMP). The unstable conditions consisted in F/M ratio changes and operation without air and nutrient. Autotrophs were highly affected by the tested disturbances and SMP retention on membrane surface exhibited consistent changes during the performed stresses.
Maud Villain, Benoît Marrot. Influence of sludge retention time at constant food to microorganisms ratio on membrane bioreactor performances under stable and unstable state conditions. Bioresource Technology, 2013, 128, pp.134-144. ⟨10.1016/j.biortech.2012.10.108⟩. ⟨hal-00995702⟩
Philippe Moulin, Josiane Nikiema, Alberto Figoli, Norbert Weissenbacher, Günter Langergraber, et al.. Wastewater treatment prac ces in Africa - Experiences from seven countries. Sustainable Sanitation Practice, 2013. ⟨hal-01916469⟩ Plus de détails...
Philippe Moulin, Josiane Nikiema, Alberto Figoli, Norbert Weissenbacher, Günter Langergraber, et al.. Wastewater treatment prac ces in Africa - Experiences from seven countries. Sustainable Sanitation Practice, 2013. ⟨hal-01916469⟩
Compost liquor was treated using a combination of physico-chemical processes: (i) lime precipitation, (ii) filtration on a rotary drum vacuum precoat filter, (iii) ultrafiltration, and (iv) reverse osmosis. Laboratory Jar tests showed the interest of using lime to precipitate compost liquor. Yields of ammonium removal up to 90% were obtained for an optimum lime concentration of 6 g/ L. A test was run at semi-industrial scale on 400 L of highly loaded compost liquor (COD: 15,800 mg/L, ammoniacal pollution: 18,433 mg NH4+-N/L, conductivity: 74,000 μS/cm) to demonstrate the potential of the treatment process proposed. Outstanding purification yields were obtained, especially 95% of COD removal and 93% of ammoniacal pollution removal.
Jérémy Gagnaire, Laurent Chapon, Philippe Moulin, Benoît Marrot. Physico-chemical treatment applied to compost liquor: feasibility study. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2012, 18 (4), pp.1522-1528. ⟨10.1016/j.jiec.2012.02.016⟩. ⟨hal-00997209⟩
Journal: Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
Maud Villain, Benoît Marrot. Correlation between fouling propensity of soluble extracellular polymeric substances, removal efficiencies and sludge metabolic activity altered by different stress conditions. Influence of sludge retention time. Procedia Engineering, 2012, 44, pp.1127-1131. ⟨10.1016/j.proeng.2012.08.701⟩. ⟨hal-00997198⟩ Plus de détails...
Imen Khouni, Benoît Marrot, Raja Ben Amar. Treatment of reconstituted textile wastewater containing a reactive dye in an aerobic sequencing batch reactor using a novel bacterial consortium. Separation and Purification Technology, 2012, 87, pp.110-119. ⟨10.1016/j.seppur.2011.11.030⟩. ⟨hal-00997237⟩ Plus de détails...
Dyes released by the textile industries pose a threat to the environmental safety. Recently, dye decolourisation through biological means has gained momentum as these methods are cheap and can be applied to a wide range of dyes. The objective of this study was to investigate the biological decolourisation of a widely used textile reactive dye in Tunisia, the Blue Bezaktiv S-GLD 150 dye, using a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). SBR was inoculated with an acclimated novel microbial consortia 'Bx'. Decolourisation efficiency was studied for different volumetric dye loading rates (3-20 g dye/m3*d) at room temperature, under aerobic conditions and at pH 7. The experimental results indicated that Bx displayed highest purification capabilities under aerobic conditions giving maximum decolourisation rates in the range of 88-97% and COD removal percentages of about 95-98% when volumetric dye loading rates were under 15 g dye/m3*d. Whereas, when volumetric dye loading rates were increased to 20 g dye/m3*d, the means rates of decolourisation and COD removal were decreased to 70% and 90% respectively. Obtained results indicate that the volumetric dye loading rate can influence the efficiency of dye removal through a sequencing batch reactor.
Imen Khouni, Benoît Marrot, Raja Ben Amar. Treatment of reconstituted textile wastewater containing a reactive dye in an aerobic sequencing batch reactor using a novel bacterial consortium. Separation and Purification Technology, 2012, 87, pp.110-119. ⟨10.1016/j.seppur.2011.11.030⟩. ⟨hal-00997237⟩
P. Hamon, Philippe Moulin, L. Ercolei, Bruno Lacarelle, Benoît Marrot. Preliminary study of oncologic ward wastewatertreatment by membrane bioreactor. Procedia Engineering, 2012, 44, pp.855-856. ⟨10.1016/j.proeng.2012.08.598⟩. ⟨hal-00997160⟩ Plus de détails...
P. Hamon, Philippe Moulin, L. Ercolei, Bruno Lacarelle, Benoît Marrot. Preliminary study of oncologic ward wastewatertreatment by membrane bioreactor. Procedia Engineering, 2012, 44, pp.855-856. ⟨10.1016/j.proeng.2012.08.598⟩. ⟨hal-00997160⟩
Imen Khouni, Benoît Marrot, Philippe Moulin, Raja Ben Amar. Decolourization of the reconstituted textile effluent by different process treatments: enzymatic catalysis, coagulation/flocculation and nanofiltration processes. Desalination, 2011, 268 (1-3), pp.27-37. ⟨10.1016/j.desal.2010.09.046⟩. ⟨hal-01026445⟩ Plus de détails...
The objective of the present paper is to examine the decolourization efficiency of textile effluent using different processes: coagulation/flocculation, enzymatic catalysis by commercial laccase and nanofiltration. A series of experiments are conducted on laboratory-prepared wastewaters combining chemically two reactive dyes (Blue Bezaktiv S-GLD 150 and Black Novacron R), auxiliaries and chemicals. To optimise coagulation/flocculation and enzymatic treatment, response surface methodology is applied. Coagulation/flocculation leads to a maximum percent of colour removal of about 93% at 593 nm and 94% at 620 nm. Whereas, applied commercial laccase catalysis reduces colour by up to 99%. Nevertheless, these two processes have not the same behaviour on chemical oxygen demand (COD) and salinity removal since the obtained results show that applied coagulation/flocculation permits a partial removal of COD without effect on salinity. However, laccase treatment has no effect on COD and on salinity retention. The application of the nanofiltration shows excellent performances in term of decolourization (superior to 99%). In the same time, a partial retention of COD and salinity respectively of about 56% and 35% is obtained. Thus, nanofiltration seems to be an efficient process in colour removal of textile wastewater. The obtained permeate can be reused in the dyeing process in the textile industry.
Imen Khouni, Benoît Marrot, Philippe Moulin, Raja Ben Amar. Decolourization of the reconstituted textile effluent by different process treatments: enzymatic catalysis, coagulation/flocculation and nanofiltration processes. Desalination, 2011, 268 (1-3), pp.27-37. ⟨10.1016/j.desal.2010.09.046⟩. ⟨hal-01026445⟩
L. Clouzot, Nicolas Roche, B. Marrot. Effect of membrane bioreactor configurations on sludge structure and microbial activity. Bioresource Technology, 2011, 102 (2), pp.975-981. ⟨10.1016/j.biortech.2010.09.058⟩. ⟨hal-01292667⟩ Plus de détails...
The aim of this paper was to determine the effect of two different membrane bioreactor (MBR) configurations (external/immersed) on sludge structure and microbial activity. Sludge structure was deduced from rheological measurements. The high shear stress induced by the recirculation pump in the external MBR was shown to result in decreasing viscosity due to activated sludge (AS) deflocculation. Besides, soluble microbial products (SMP) release was higher in the external MBR (5 mgCOD gMLVSS−1) than in the immersed configuration (2 mgCOD gMLVSS−1). Microbial activity was followed from respirometry tests by focusing on the distinction between heterotrophs and autotrophs. An easier autotrophic microbe development was then observed in the immersed MBR compared to the external one. However, the external MBR was shown to allow better heterotrophic microbe development.
L. Clouzot, Nicolas Roche, B. Marrot. Effect of membrane bioreactor configurations on sludge structure and microbial activity. Bioresource Technology, 2011, 102 (2), pp.975-981. ⟨10.1016/j.biortech.2010.09.058⟩. ⟨hal-01292667⟩
Jérémy Gagnaire, X. Y. Wang, L. Chapon, Philippe Moulin, Benoît Marrot. Kinetic study of compost liquor nitrification. Water Science and Technology, 2011, 63 (5), pp.868-876. ⟨10.2166/wst.2011.263⟩. ⟨hal-01026430⟩ Plus de détails...
This study is a first kinetic approach about the compost liquor treatment by activated sludge. This industrial wastewater is highly loaded in organic and nitrogen compounds (COD≈12,000 mg L(-1) and NH(4)(+)-N≈4,000 mg L(-1)). The possibility of its treatment in an urban WWTP is studied measuring ammonia oxidation rate with non-acclimated sludge to the industrial effluent. Compost liquor appears as an inhibitor substrate. The ammonia oxidation rate can be modelled by the Haldane model: U(MAX)=0.180 d(-1), K(S)=12.0 mgN.L(-1) and K(I)=26.0 mgN.L(-1). The ammonia oxidation rate also follows for a synthetic substrate which has the same pollutant load as the real substrate. In this case, the ammonia oxidation rate can be modelled by the Monod model: U(MAX)=0.073 d(-1) and K(S)=4.3 mgN.L(-1). This result confirms that the ammonia oxidising bacteria are inhibited by the real wastewater. The following-up of nitrate production shows also the inhibition of nitrite oxidising bacteria. The compost liquor treatment seems not possible in an urban WWTP (<50,000 p.e.). That's why a specific WWTP is recommended and an acclimation step of activated sludge is essential.
Jérémy Gagnaire, X. Y. Wang, L. Chapon, Philippe Moulin, Benoît Marrot. Kinetic study of compost liquor nitrification. Water Science and Technology, 2011, 63 (5), pp.868-876. ⟨10.2166/wst.2011.263⟩. ⟨hal-01026430⟩
E. Barbot, I. Seyssiecq, Nicolas Roche, B. Marrot. Inhibition of activated sludge respiration by sodium azide addition: Effect on rheology and oxygen transfer. Journal Chemical Engineering, 2010, 163 (3), pp.230-235. ⟨10.1016/j.cej.2010.07.050⟩. ⟨hal-01297615⟩ Plus de détails...
Although microorganism respiration inhibition by sodium azide (NaN3) is used in some studies to identify activated sludge adsorption capacity, little is known about the effect of this compound on the suspension properties. In this study we have investigated the effect of NaN3 addition on both volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient and rheology of activated sludge (AS) suspensions in a 1.9 L bioreactor. The rheological properties (shear thinning one) of AS suspensions with and without NaN3 addition are measured in situ (triphasic conditions). It appears that NaN3 addition leads to a deflocculation of AS suspensions and thus a decrease in apparent viscosity. A small amount of suspended solids was added in order to obtain identical apparent viscosities (under 1.2 or 46.3 s−1) for AS suspensions with and without NaN3 addition. KLa values were then measured in both respiring and non-respiring suspensions for different air flow rates (2, 3 or 4 L/min) and under low or high mechanical shear rate (1.2 or 46.3 s−1). Results show that under high mechanical shear rate, the respiration state for a given air flow rate does not impact the KLa values. On the contrary, under low mechanical shear rate, NaN3 addition induces an increase of KLa values in comparison with those obtained with the respiring biomass. This effect, for a same apparent viscosity, is attributed to the deflocculation observed in the presence of NaN3. Indeed, AS with and without NaN3 addition used for the KLa measurements induce a modification of the floc internal structure, corresponding to smaller floc size in the case of NaN3 addition.
E. Barbot, I. Seyssiecq, Nicolas Roche, B. Marrot. Inhibition of activated sludge respiration by sodium azide addition: Effect on rheology and oxygen transfer. Journal Chemical Engineering, 2010, 163 (3), pp.230-235. ⟨10.1016/j.cej.2010.07.050⟩. ⟨hal-01297615⟩
Hassen Dhaouadi, Benoît Marrot. Olive mill wastewater treatment in a membrane bioreactor: process stability and fouling aspects. Environmental Technology, 2010, 31 (7), pp.761-770. ⟨10.1080/09593331003636621⟩. ⟨hal-01024735⟩ Plus de détails...
An external ceramic membrane bioreactor was used to carry out an experimental study of process stability and fouling aspects for olive mill wastewater (OMW) treatment. Three diluted OMW solutions were used to continuously feed the reactor. An acclimated biomass was employed and the process stability was followed on the basis of the permeate quality and some operating parameters (pressure, temperature, mass flow and dissolved oxygen). Several backpulse combinations were tested to determine the best filtration and backwash time. It appeared that a short backpulse duration was sufficient and that the behaviour, in terms of the permeate flux versus time, stabilized. In terms of increased permeate flux, the effect of the backpulsing depended on the nature of the solution. This improvement was limited, but, in the long-term, backpulsing makes it possible to maintain a constant permeate flux over a period of several days.
Hassen Dhaouadi, Benoît Marrot. Olive mill wastewater treatment in a membrane bioreactor: process stability and fouling aspects. Environmental Technology, 2010, 31 (7), pp.761-770. ⟨10.1080/09593331003636621⟩. ⟨hal-01024735⟩
Imen Khouni, Benoît Marrot, Raja Ben Amar. Decolourization of the reconstituted dye bath effluent by commercial laccase treatment: optimization through response surface methodology. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2010, 156 (1), pp.121-133. ⟨10.1016/j.cej.2009.10.007⟩. ⟨hal-01025206⟩ Plus de détails...
This paper aims to study the effect of temperature, pH and enzyme concentration on decolourization of separately two reactive textile dyes (Black Novacron R and Blue Bezaktiv S-GLD 150) used in reconstituted dye bath effluent (textile dye and auxiliary components) and in aqueous dye solutions (dye dissolved in deionised water) by a commercial laccase formulation (DeniLite® IIS). The central composite design (CCD) matrix and response surface methodology (RSM) have been applied to design experiments for the evaluation of the interactive effects of the three most important operating variables: temperature 'T' (25-45 °C), pH (3.0-7.0), and enzyme concentration 'EC' (80-240 U/L) on the enzymatic decolourization of the different synthetic dyes solutions at initial dye concentration of 40 mg/L. The RSM indicated that the optimum parameter values were respectively for the reconstituted Black Novacron R and the Blue Bezaktiv S-GLD 150 effluents: T = 43 °C and 41.44 °C, pH 6 and 6.29, EC = 222 and 226.43 U/L. The maximum colour removal was about 98.9% at 593 nm and 79.9% at 400 nm for reconstituted Black Novacron R effluent and about 98.9% at 620 nm for reconstituted Blue Bezaktiv S-GLD 150 effluent. For aqueous dye solutions, RSM has shown that colour removal obtained were quite similar. However, the optimum parameters were different. Hence, enzyme concentration depends on the effluent component.
Imen Khouni, Benoît Marrot, Raja Ben Amar. Decolourization of the reconstituted dye bath effluent by commercial laccase treatment: optimization through response surface methodology. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2010, 156 (1), pp.121-133. ⟨10.1016/j.cej.2009.10.007⟩. ⟨hal-01025206⟩
Imen Khouni, Benoît Marrot, Raja Ben Amar. Decolourization of the reconstituted dye bath effluent by commercial laccase treatment: optimization through response surface methodology. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2010, 156 (1), pp.121-133. ⟨10.1016/j.cej.2009.10.007⟩. ⟨hal-01025206⟩ Plus de détails...
This paper aims to study the effect of temperature, pH and enzyme concentration on decolourization of separately two reactive textile dyes (Black Novacron R and Blue Bezaktiv S-GLD 150) used in reconstituted dye bath effluent (textile dye and auxiliary components) and in aqueous dye solutions (dye dissolved in deionised water) by a commercial laccase formulation (DeniLite® IIS). The central composite design (CCD) matrix and response surface methodology (RSM) have been applied to design experiments for the evaluation of the interactive effects of the three most important operating variables: temperature 'T' (25-45 °C), pH (3.0-7.0), and enzyme concentration 'EC' (80-240 U/L) on the enzymatic decolourization of the different synthetic dyes solutions at initial dye concentration of 40 mg/L. The RSM indicated that the optimum parameter values were respectively for the reconstituted Black Novacron R and the Blue Bezaktiv S-GLD 150 effluents: T = 43 °C and 41.44 °C, pH 6 and 6.29, EC = 222 and 226.43 U/L. The maximum colour removal was about 98.9% at 593 nm and 79.9% at 400 nm for reconstituted Black Novacron R effluent and about 98.9% at 620 nm for reconstituted Blue Bezaktiv S-GLD 150 effluent. For aqueous dye solutions, RSM has shown that colour removal obtained were quite similar. However, the optimum parameters were different. Hence, enzyme concentration depends on the effluent component.
Imen Khouni, Benoît Marrot, Raja Ben Amar. Decolourization of the reconstituted dye bath effluent by commercial laccase treatment: optimization through response surface methodology. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2010, 156 (1), pp.121-133. ⟨10.1016/j.cej.2009.10.007⟩. ⟨hal-01025206⟩
Ludiwine Clouzot, Pierre Doumenq, Nicolas Roche, Benoît Marrot. Kinetic parameters for 17α-ethinylestradiol removal by nitrifying activated sludge developed in a membrane bioreactor. Bioresource Technology, 2010, 101 (16), pp.6425-6431. ⟨10.1016/j.biortech.2010.03.039⟩. ⟨hal-01024728⟩ Plus de détails...
The synthetic hormone 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) is primarily removed in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) by sorption, and nitrifying biomass has been shown to be responsible for EE2 biodegradation. Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology was chosen to develop a community of autotrophic, nitrifying micro-organisms and determine kinetic parameters for EE2 biodegradation. Biological inhibition by azide was applied to differentiate sorption from biodegradation. Activated sludge (AS) was acclimated in the MBR to a substrate specific to autotrophic biomass and resulted in an increase in nitrifying activity. Acclimated AS was used to successfully biodegrade EE2 (11% increase in EE2 removal), and the overall removal of EE2 was determined to be 99% (sorption + biodegradation). AS used directly from a WWTP without acclimation removed EE2 only through sorption (88% removal of EE2). Therefore, higher nitrifying activity developed by acclimating AS allowed almost complete removal of EE2.
Ludiwine Clouzot, Pierre Doumenq, Nicolas Roche, Benoît Marrot. Kinetic parameters for 17α-ethinylestradiol removal by nitrifying activated sludge developed in a membrane bioreactor. Bioresource Technology, 2010, 101 (16), pp.6425-6431. ⟨10.1016/j.biortech.2010.03.039⟩. ⟨hal-01024728⟩
E. Barbot, E. Carretier, Y. Wyart, B. Marrot, Philippe Moulin. Transportable membrane process to produce drinking water. Desalination, 2009, 248 (1-3), pp.58 - 63. ⟨10.1016/j.desal.2008.05.038⟩. ⟨hal-01916716⟩ Plus de détails...
E. Barbot, E. Carretier, Y. Wyart, B. Marrot, Philippe Moulin. Transportable membrane process to produce drinking water. Desalination, 2009, 248 (1-3), pp.58 - 63. ⟨10.1016/j.desal.2008.05.038⟩. ⟨hal-01916716⟩
Fanny Springer, Remy Ghidossi, Emilie Carretier, Damien Veyret, Didier Dhaler, et al.. Determination of the Wall Shear Stress by Numerical Simulation: Membrane Process Applications. Chemical Product and Process Modeling, 2009, 4 (4), 10 p. ⟨10.2202/1934-2659.1328⟩. ⟨hal-01916729⟩ Plus de détails...
Membrane processes have been intensely developing during the last decades, and mainly in dairy industry. Considering the feed effluent complexity, concentration polarization phenomenon and fouling are accentuated limitations for the development of membrane dairy filtration processes. Knowledge of the wall shear stress developed at the membrane surface is fundamental to reduce those phenomena. In this work, the variation of the wall shear stress on cylindrical, square, triangular and hybrid channels by numerical simulation for various operating parameters was studied. Predictions were established for different commercial ceramic membranes and predict the geometry that tends to better mass transport efficiency by enhancing hydrodynamics conditions. Numerical simulations are performed over a typical range of Reynolds numbers inside different channel geometries under laminar and turbulent conditions. Consequently, this paper intended to enhance the performances of these processes by maximizing the average wall shear stress on the membrane surface by numerical simulation. A comparison with experimental results was realized and a good agreement was obtained. Given those conclusions, a new membrane according to the whole CFD results consistent with experimental results was designed.
Fanny Springer, Remy Ghidossi, Emilie Carretier, Damien Veyret, Didier Dhaler, et al.. Determination of the Wall Shear Stress by Numerical Simulation: Membrane Process Applications. Chemical Product and Process Modeling, 2009, 4 (4), 10 p. ⟨10.2202/1934-2659.1328⟩. ⟨hal-01916729⟩
Philippe Moulin, N Barriosmartinez, B Barbot, B. Marrot, N Moulin, et al.. Degradation of synthetic phenol-containing wastewaters by MBR. Journal of Membrane Science, 2006, 281 (1-2), pp.288 - 296. ⟨10.1016/j.memsci.2006.03.048⟩. ⟨hal-01916655⟩ Plus de détails...
Philippe Moulin, N Barriosmartinez, B Barbot, B. Marrot, N Moulin, et al.. Degradation of synthetic phenol-containing wastewaters by MBR. Journal of Membrane Science, 2006, 281 (1-2), pp.288 - 296. ⟨10.1016/j.memsci.2006.03.048⟩. ⟨hal-01916655⟩
B. Marrot, A. Barrios-Martinez, Philippe Moulin, N. Roche. Biodegradation of high phenol concentration by activated sludge in an immersed membrane bioreactor. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 2006, 30 (2), pp.174 - 183. ⟨10.1016/j.bej.2006.03.006⟩. ⟨hal-01916654⟩ Plus de détails...
B. Marrot, A. Barrios-Martinez, Philippe Moulin, N. Roche. Biodegradation of high phenol concentration by activated sludge in an immersed membrane bioreactor. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 2006, 30 (2), pp.174 - 183. ⟨10.1016/j.bej.2006.03.006⟩. ⟨hal-01916654⟩
B. Marrot, A. Barrios-Martinez, Philippe Moulin, N. Roche. Experimental Study of Mass Transfer Phenomena in a Cross Flow Membrane Bioreactor: Aeration and Membrane Separation. Engineering in Life Sciences, 2005, 5 (5), pp.409 - 414. ⟨10.1002/elsc.200520090⟩. ⟨hal-01916679⟩ Plus de détails...
B. Marrot, A. Barrios-Martinez, Philippe Moulin, N. Roche. Experimental Study of Mass Transfer Phenomena in a Cross Flow Membrane Bioreactor: Aeration and Membrane Separation. Engineering in Life Sciences, 2005, 5 (5), pp.409 - 414. ⟨10.1002/elsc.200520090⟩. ⟨hal-01916679⟩
B. Marrot, A. Barrios-Martinez, P. Moulin, N. Roche. Industrial wastewater treatment in a membrane bioreactor: A review. Environmental Progress -New York-, 2004, 23 (1), pp.59 - 68. ⟨10.1002/ep.10001⟩. ⟨hal-01888096⟩ Plus de détails...
B. Marrot, A. Barrios-Martinez, P. Moulin, N. Roche. Industrial wastewater treatment in a membrane bioreactor: A review. Environmental Progress -New York-, 2004, 23 (1), pp.59 - 68. ⟨10.1002/ep.10001⟩. ⟨hal-01888096⟩
