This article explores the numerical modeling of fast transient fluid-structure interactions, focusing on a two-way explicit partitioned coupling for realistic and efficient simulations. The proposed approach involves a compressible lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for fluid dynamics and a finite element code for structural dynamics. An immersed boundary method is used to model the fluid-structure interface. The proposed method is validated against various fluid-structure interactions cases, demonstrating good agreement with experimental and numerical references. A multi-scale coupling strategy optimizes the computational load, achieving efficient space-time resolution for each sub-system independently.